A few words about my new PSR/Genos styles

Posted on March 11, 2024 by pj

I promised to say a few words about the new styles in my free Performance Style Collection (Version 2).

Motif/MOX, again

Five of the new styles are converted from Motif/MOX Performances:

Bubbly Dub         77  Dub reggae (Long live King Tubby!)
Dresden At Night   91  Chill
Poppyhanger        90  Mid-tempo electronica (minor key best)
See The Show      100  Prog rock (ELP, Yes, Emerson, Wakeman)
Ticking Away      120  Prog rock (Pink Floyd)

In case you’re not hip to Motif/MOX terminology, a Performance is a style-like group of voices and arpeggios (musical phrases). Most of these Performances are available for Montage and MODX, too — load the “MOTIF XF Performances for MONTAGE” library.

“Bubbly Dub” is my homage to King Tubby. Dub is totally under-represented in Yamaha styles. Reggae, yea, but give me those funky effects! If I have a slam on “Bubbly Dub,” it doesn’t go far enough.

“Dresden At Night” and “Poppyhanger” are upbeat electronica. Feel free to tear them apart and use the phrases.

“See The Show” and “Ticking Away” should tickle prog rock fans. “Ticking Away” is obviously based on “Time.” “See The Show” is a mash-up of ELP and Yes. If you figure out how to tame “See The Show,” please let me know.

Swizzle them phrases

Ableton Live always seemed like a natural tool for style assembly. Finally, this dreary winter, I gave Live a try in this role. The end result is six new downtempo and funk styles:

Cool Revibed      85  Downtempo
DownTime          71  Downtempo
Funkin Style     114  Jabo funk 
Slow Walker       75  Downtempo (minor key best)
Slow Walker DJ    75  Downtempo DJ style (chord progression built-in)
Street Genos      90  Hip-hop (needs Vocal Beat Box)

These styles are based on mixed and matched MIDI patterns from various collections. I want to shout out Groove Monkee, Apollo Sound and Equinox Sounds. If you want to do downtempo, chill or the hippity-hop, look at these brands.

Mostly, I banged MIDI loops together in Ableton and adjusted a few notes here and there to put melodic parts into the same scale. “Slow Walker” was a challenge in this regard. Pushing the notes into the same scale took character out of the sound. So, I did a “DJ” style with the original notes/changes cooked in. “Slow Walker DJ” follows the root note, but not the chord type.

“Cool Revibed” has a slightly different process. I started with the rhythm patterns in the Genos “CoolR&B” style and then hung phrases on it like Christmas tree ornaments. Having the rhythm down is a good way to start composition, if the rhythm is inspirational.

As to Live and sound generation, sometimes I started with Live software instruments, got the MIDI patterns going, and found sound-alike Genos patches for the final assembly. Other times, I drove Genos directly from Live, picking out voices and DSP effects by hand in the Genos mixer.

Jam away

I’m a long-time fan of Jean Luc Ponty’s “A Taste For Passion”. I caught Ponty live sometime around 1980 — great concert! Keyboardist Allan Zavod (RIP) was under-recognized for his contributions.

“Sunset Drive” is one of my favorite tracks from the album. The “Sunset Drive” style is a jam-along style with the bass and chords cooked in.

Sunset Drive     136  Jammin' jazz by Jean Luc Ponty (Cm scale)

The style will follow the root note. So, start out in Cm7 and modulate down to Am. Then, up to Cm7, again. Fun, fun, fun!

One of these days, I will give “Beach Girl” the same treatment. Beautiful tunes, all.

Don’t forget, I have additional free content for Yamaha PSR, Tyros and Genos:

Free Performance Styles for PSR/Genos

Posted on March 5, 2024 by pj

Been a while since I’ve posted. 🙂 That means I’ve been busy with a few hunker-down, wintertime projects.

At long last, I pulled together the second version of my “Performance Styles for PSR/Genos” collection. The second version has all of the V1 styles plus a dozen new V2 styles.

The V1 styles were translated from Motif XS/MOX Performances to Tyros/PSR. If you would like to read about the translation process, check these links:

These articles are still a good read if you are interested in creating original styles of your own. There is a short Getting Started With Style Files post, too.

The V1 style files target PSR-S950, which by now is old hat. So, the original V1 styles should be reasonably compatible with any post-S950 arranger.

The V2 style files take the collection into new territory. The V2 styles include contemporary genres like downtempo and make wide use of DSP insert effects. I developed the styles on Genos (gen 1) which supports a single insert effect on each style part. The V2 styles are compatible with Genos2. Some voices and DSP effects may not be supported by earlier arrangers. Genos1 still leads the pack in many dimensions!

Nonetheless, I encourage you to download the new collection. You might need to re-voice a style part or two and maybe redirect the DSP units which are available on your music machine. The styles are SFF1 even though a few new styles use Mega Voice. Being SFF1, you should be able to edit the styles with Mixmaster or any of the wonderful tools created by Jørgen Sørensen. I owe Jørgen a debt of gratitude since his CASM editor, OTS editor and Style Split/Splice programs are essential tools for any style developer.

Download Performance Styles for PSR/Genos (Version 2). The ZIP file includes a README text file. Be sure to check it out.

Genos2: Behind the scenes video

Posted on December 30, 2023 by pj

Yamaha’s Genos2 Story – Behind the scene video is now available on Youtube.

As you might expect, it’s a combination of useful, factual information and sales puffery. So, here is my summary of the actual informational content minus marketing B.S. 🙂

00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:04 Martin Harris, R&D Center London
00:03:41 Junichiro Murata, DMI Strategy Planning Group
00:05:25 Stefano Ivan Scarascia, Design Laboratory
00:06:20 Yoshiyuki Hirai, Mechanical Design Group
00:07:53 Ryuichi Izumi, Mechanical Design Group
00:08:29 Tomoya Michiba, Hardware Design Group
00:10:00 Martin Harris, R&D Center London
00:12:45 Kyoko Ohno, Sound Design Group
00:16:08 Taichi Hiyama, Sound Design Group
00:19:19 Ending

R&D Center London is an extension of the Sound Design Group in Japan.

The sound development process is roughly:

Planning which instruments and their playing techniques to develop
Sampling using different microphones and articulations
Mix-down from the different microphones
Denoise the samples
Loop the samples
Map the samples to the keyboard
Sound design (tweak voice parameters, add DSP effects, etc.)

New samples in Genos2: pianos, electric pianos, brass, tuned percussion, orchestral percussion and more. More layers, longer time before a loop.

Genos2 adds Style Dynamic Control: Full energy control over auto-accompaniment. Dynamically adjusts both velocity and volume.

Tilted the main screen to improve visibility by the user. Mitigate sun glare using anti-reflective film. Added LED lights to see the slider position on a dark stage. 360-degree rotating knobs use the set values as the starting point for control. Slider catch function to prevent jumps in value.

Industrial design: Try to adhere to the graceful lines of the original design. Increase visibility of the main screen and subdisplay.

Different shapes and coatings. Increase quality. The biggest problem in mechanical design is to accommodate the protrusions on the upper case (necessitated by the tilted displays). The case is created using two large molds. The top and bottom must be carefully aligned.

The LED lenses are designed to minimize light loss. The lens shape is optimized on the order of 0.1mm and allows light to disperse efficiently.

Electronic design of the audio output required a lot of experimentation. They tried so many different components, they wore out (broke) the PCB! The goal is to present the internal waveforms faithfully without distortion (good trackability). Designs are evaluated by listening and electrical analysis. Listening was performed in venues of different sized. Genos2 includes an USB audio interface.

FM synthesis adds dynamic capabilities. FM has seemless dynamic curve.

When the Yamaha LSI (SWP70) was designed, they wanted multi-timbral tone generation using both AWM and FM voices together to generate sounds.

Super Articulation and Super Articulation 2. SA2 voices use Articulation Element Modeling (AEM) tone generation. [SA2 demonstration] The SA2 voices were almost all recorded in Japan. To honor Japan, the team added Shakuhachi. The acoustic instrument tone seems to be constantly in motion, posing a challenge for sound design. You need to leave the original instruments flavor in the voice without making it intrusive.

Every waveform is evaluated for quality (technical check): presence of noise in the waveform or deficiencies in timbre, style, or voice parameters. Then, the waveform is evaluated musically, i.e., is the processed waveform musically natural? The behavior of an instrument must be realistically reproduced. Finally, there is a consistency check: Do the timbre and style data work together consistently.

Sound designers consider the musical genres to be played. A voice must perform musically whether its played by a musician or an auto-accompaniment style — even when the musician uses the voice in an unexpected way. Playing techniques are taken into consideration to determine the articulates to be sampled.

Genos2 waveform memory is big. It allows all 88 piano notes to be sampled. A little bit of noise in each note adds realism.

The new Genos2 drum samples leave more atmospheric components (a kind of noise) in the sound. A key decision is how much “noise” to leave in.

Genos2 R&B styles converted for Genos1

Posted on December 19, 2023 by pj

Styles got a major update in Yamaha Genos2. The original Yamaha Genos (generation 1) had 550 styles when it was released. Genos2 grows that number to 800 preset styles. Although many people use styles for cover songs, the 800 styles comprise an amazing library of musical phrases and ideas for songwriting.

If you live in North America, it may be a while before you have a chance to test drive a Genos2 in person. That’s my situation even though I don’t live in a “backwater” community! Yamaha is pressing sales in Europe where the arranger market is broader and hotter.

What to do? Convert some Genos2 styles to Genos1 and check them out!

With 250 new-to-G2 styles to choose from, I concentrated on the genres of most interest to me: R&B, Soul, Jazz and a little Dance. Some of the styles are brand new; some were taken from other Yamaha keyboards (PSR-SX900, CVP-909 and even CSP-170). All of the styles got a make over using new voices, new DSP effects and new drum kits.

If you would like to try these converted styles, download the ZIP file:

http://sandsoftwaresound.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/G2_RnB_styles_G1.zip

Please remember, you’re still not getting the REVelation reverb and Ambient drum kit goodness. If you want to play, you gotta pay. 🙂

My conversion notes (TXT file) detail the Genos 2 voices and effects that were used in the style parts and OTS. Substitutions are suggested. There is a huge amount of low-level detail which illustrates the level of effort required by Yamaha to update styles.

A few general considerations are worth mentioning.

Several styles use the new Genos2 FM voices. I did my best to substitute G1 voices, but, hey, voice names like “SynthLead4” don’t offer much clue as to how the original FM voice sounds.
Yamaha preset styles use “Style Voices” which are ordinarily hidden in a separate “StyleVoices” directory. These Style Voices substitute for SArt2 voices.
REVelation reverb is used almost everywhere. Comparable Real Reverb presets are substituted.
Many styles use the new multi-band compressor effect. Uni Comp compressor presets are substituted. Genos1 expanded the use of per-part compression and G2 follows suit.
Several Ambient (Ambi) drum kits are based on Revo kits. The equivalent Revo kit is substituted.
Two Ambi kits (Production kit and Dirty kit) assign kick drum sounds to the lowest MIDI note numbers. The MIDI notes are transposed to a Revo kick drum.
Genos2 has new Mega Voices: acoustic bass, electric bass and nylon guitar, among others. Mega Voices with the most similar velocity maps are substituted. The maps do not always align, but I left the original MIDI note data unmodified.

I hope my notes and observations help other adventurous souls with their own style conversion projects.

Before closing, I’d like to suggest an experiment for some lucky Genos2 player. I would love to hear an A/B comparison of one of these converted styles against the full-phat Genos2 version. Any takers?

Genos2: ¿Si o No?

Posted on November 28, 2023 by pj

A bit tardy with my first take on Genos2. I’ve spent waaay too much time on forums and need to get back to work. 🙂

Genos2 information and videos abound on the Web, so I’ll be skipping a lot of details here. I recommend getting your information from reputable sources, not the self-appointed experts on Internet forums. Given the misinformation that I’ve seen, I don’t think some of these people have ever touched an arranger keyboard, let alone Genos1 or Genos2.

It will be some time until I can actually get hands-on with Genos2. That’s a disadvantage of living in North America where guitar is king. When I do play Genos2, I will post comments. So, please take my initial opinions with a grain of salt.

Genos2 leaves me feeling a bit like Dr. Jekyll and a little bit Mr. Hyde, depending upon Genos2 being your first top-of-the-line (TOTL) arranger or an upgrade from Genos1.

Let’s hear from the kindly doctor first.

Your first TOTL

If Genos2 is your first TOTL arranger, you’re on good ground. Genos2 builds on the solid Genos1 foundation. Genos1 has been a reliable, great sounding instrument and I’m sure you won’t be disappointed in G2.

Genos2 adds many new voices and styles to Genos1. (Some of the Genos1 voices and styles are available with the Genos2 Complete Pack, free after registration.) I made a list of the new Genos2 voices.

Genos2 significantly improves on the G1 CFX piano. It has more strike (velocity) levels, now 7 levels up from 5. The sustain is longer (doubled). Check out this video which focuses on Genos2 pianos. The G2 piano sounds are lovely.

Like the Montage upgrade, G2 received “character pianos“:

Character piano: A rough and wooly sound (think “ragtime”)
Cinematic piano: An air of mystery about it (think “Halloween”)
Felt piano: A sound softened by felt woven in the strings (think “Titanic”)

Unlike Montage M, all of these pianos are enriched by the stunning, new REVelation reverb from Steinberg. Genos2 also adds a new multi-band compressor.

Genos2 adds Ambient Drums to the original Genos1 Revo drums. (Ignore the Internet misinformation about Revo being dropped.) Ambient Drums mix close-mic’ed samples with room ambience samples consistent with sampling techniques employed in modern percussion VST libraries. You (or the style) dial in the amount of ambience, thereby adjusting the sense of space in the sound.

One shouldn’t forget the new true FM voices. Yamaha enabled the FM-X hardware in the Genos2 tone generators. [BTW, the FM hardware is locked away in Genos1.] Now you get real dynamic FM sound. Genos2 does not support FM voice editing, but, really, how people are going to create FM voices from scratch? Not to mention how notoriously hard it is to get one’s mind around FM programming. A free DX7 expansion pack awaits those who register. With a little deep diving, I can safely say there is real FM-X in there.

No doubt, Yamaha have produced new styles and revamped old styles to use the new effects and voices. There are now 800 styles, which in itself, is a staggering big MIDI phrase library.

Ambient Drums illustrate the Genos ethos — producing a refined, “like the recording” sound. I’m sure this gives hobby players a lot of pride and pleasure. I like it because I can produce great sounding demos without a lot of effort!

Genos2 includes other enhancements worth mentioning. The style Dynamics Control improves on G1 dynamic control. The new Dynamics Control provides knob control over the volume and velocity of style parts, letting the backing band more realistically sit out or dig in. The front panel adds two more assignable buttons (3 total above the articulation buttons) and two buttons to control the ever-useful Chord Looper.

If you don’t own a Genos and want one, buy it. Given Yamaha’s long development cycles, it may be five or six years before the next major Genos release.

Upgrade to Genos2?

The decision to upgrade from the previous model is always a difficult one, whether its Montage M, MODX+, Genos2, Korg, Roland, whatever. There might be a few of us who are made of money, but most of us punters need to lay off old gear in order to afford the new. If it’s a trade-in or a re-sell, we’re going to lose value and we’re going to pony up cash for the shiny new object. In the case of a premium product like Genos2 or Montage M, the delta might be $1,800 or more. And then there’s the hassle of dealing with the villains on Craigslist or Ray’s Music Exchange.

This is when and where Mr. Hyde makes an entrance.

The decision to upgrade is a personal decision and choice. Objectively, does the delta enable us to meet our personal musical goals, that is, fulfill a genuine need? Otherwise, I cannot objectively account for enthusiasm, fan-dom, FOMO, or just plain desire (G.A.S.).

Which leads me to…

Generation skipping

When it comes to electronics, I’m a “generation skipper.” I rarely buy the next generation of anything. I don’t find the value proposition — increased utility per upgrade dollars — to be enough to justify a purchase.

So it is with Genos2. My Genos1 is still a rockin’ keyboard. It isn’t used up in the economic sense.

By the way, now is a terrific time to buy a new old stock (NOS) or re-sale Genos1. North American retailers have not sold through and are selling NOS Genos1 at a reduced price. [I took my own advice and have made a deal for an NOS Clavinova CSP-170.] European customers are switching to Genos2 in droves and they need to unload their Genos1 keyboards in order to fund a new G2. Buy a reduced price Genos1 now and upgrade to a Genos3 later. Many different ways to make a play.

Need over want

What would it have taken to make me decide otherwise and buy Genos2? Or, letting Mr. Hyde loose, what is Genos2 missing?

Right now, my most pressing need is an 88-key piano action keyboard for practice. I need to raise my piano skills and I need to transition to an acoustic grand when necessary. The FSX action is not up to snuff — I’ve tried with Genos1.

Compared to Clavinova (for example), Genos2 is missing:

Even Montage M8X left me up short.

What really disappointed me is the other biggee — no Virtual Circuit Modeling (VCM) rotary organ simulator. This is a big omission as far as upgrade is concerned. With two really fine synth-action instruments (Genos1 and MODX) in hand, I just can’t justify an upgrade to G2 based on what G2 is and isn’t today.

Yamaha product silos

Looking at Montage M and Genos2, Yamaha’s product silos get in the way of making all-rounder keyboards. Yamaha product groups protect their turf and abhor cannibalized sales. This attitude and market strategy drives a lot of customers crazy, including me.

Reading the forums, there is demand for an 88-key Genos. The P-S500 is not enough to scratch the arranger itch, DGX-670 is feature-light and CVP prices are way out of sight.

Yamaha need to pick up the pace and roll out new features faster. Will Genos2 people need to wait five years to get the VCM rotary sim, Bösendorfer piano, or VRM? At age 72, I’ve got about 11 years left (male, life expectancy, U.S.A.) Let’s get going, Yamaha! 🙂 My time is running out…

Yamaha Genos2: New voices

Posted on November 17, 2023 by pj

So, what are they? I did a quick scan through the Genos1 and Genos2 Data List files and compared. Because this is a manual scan, I don’t guarantee completeness. [Too lazy to write a script…] I ignore certain voice categories like synth pads and leads. When a new synth voice is named “Blippity Bloop”, what does that mean without auditioning the voice itself?

I’m also passing on the new FM voices in Yamaha Genos2. You can easily identify the new FM voices in the Data List and you don’t really need me to do that. Check. I will say, almost every voice category has FM voices.

New Genos2 MegaVoices

MegaVoices are a good place to begin analysis. In addition to being the sonic stuff in Styles, MegaVoice waveforms are also the building blocks in Super Articulation (SArt) and Super Articulation 2 (SArt2) voices.

On your own, take a look at the MegaVoice maps in the Data List. The maps give a good idea of the low-level waveforms behind the voices. Yamaha give MegaVoice, SArt and SArt2 voices a lot of love and attention. The new MegaVoices show me where Yamaha have gone to great lengths to sample new instruments and to design new patches from those samples.

Here are the new Genos2 MegaVoices:

    Basis                   Variants           Category
    ----------------------  -----------------  ----------
    SectionHorns            1, 2, Live, Dyn    Brass
    PopHorns                1, 2
    OberkrainerTrompete
    OberkrainerBaritonHorn
    OberkrainerKontraTuba
    OberkrainerBassTuba
    Whistle                                    Woodwind
    OberkrainerKlarinette
    ClassicNylon            Open, Neck         Guitar
    ClNylonTirando
    OberkrainerGuitar
    ElJazzFinger            OpenHmr, ...       Bass
    ElJazzPick              Open, ...
    VlBassPick              OpenHmr, ...
    AcJazzOpen              Extended1, ...
    RBillyBass              FingerOpen, ...
    MonoUprightBass

In order to keep the list short, I abstracted away variants like “1”, “2”, etc.

Bass instruments got a BIG lift. Decoding the names, Genos2 gets Electric Jazz bass, Violin bass, Acoustic Jazz, Rockabilly and Mono Upright. It’s all about the bass, baby. By “Jazz Bass,” I assume they really mean “Fender Jazz Bass.” By “Violin Bass,” I think they mean “Höfner Violin Bass.” Is that where Paul’s bass went?

“Oberkrainer” is another, possibly unfamiliar, term. Oberkrainer music started out with the Avsenik Ensemble lead by Slavko Avsenik. It is a form of popular music in Slovenia, Austria, Switzerland, northern Italy and Benelux. Pretty much Alpine music. Let’s see Diddy swing that. 🙂

When you see a whole group of MegaVoices and styles devoted to Oberkrainer, you know where Yamaha sell a lot of arranger keyboards.

New Genos voices of the playable kind

With that background in mind, let’s look at a summary of the playable voices (as opposed to style-oriented MegaVoices). Again, I have abstracted away variants in order to be concise.

    Basic voice          Category
    -------------------  ----------
    CFX                  Piano
    CharacterGrand
    RockGrand
    CinemaGrand
    FeltPiano
    U1 (upright)
    U3 (upright)
    Filmharmonic         Strings
    Cinematic
    SectionHorns         Brass
    ConcertTutti
    ConcertTrumpets
    ConcertTrombones
    ConcertFrenchHorns
    PopsConcertSection
    CrescendoHorns
    DynamicTrumpets
    LeadTrumpets
    ConcertMutes
    TrumpetTutti
    CrescendoTpts
    SoftHorns&Bones
    PopsConcertPad
    Piccolo            Woodwind
    PopPiccolo
    CelticFlute
    Whistle
    Shakuhachi
    Dudak
    ClassicalNylon     Guitar
    E.Bass             Bass
    ElecJazzFinger
    ElecJazzPick
    ViolinBass
    AcousticJazz
    Rockabilly
    Vibes              Percussion
    OrchTimpani
    TubularBells
    Handbells (FM)
    HolidayBells (FM)
    SoftBells (FM)
    etc.

Genos2 got a significant upgrade in the piano department. Martin Harris (Yamaha) mentioned that the Genos2 CFX has more velocity levels than Genos1. Unfortunately, the pianos are still rooted in the XG synthesis and effects architecture — no Grand Expression, no Virtual Resonance Modeling, no half-pedaling. Yamaha product silos reign supreme. Again.

Sampled electric pianos (EP) pretty much stayed the same. Genos2 got real FM EPs, of course. There are also a few new combi voices like “FeltRoads.” I use the Montage/MODX character pianos and dig them.

Sadly, the Genos2 organ category remains the same. Genos2 did not get the Stage YC rotary speaker sim. This omission would kill my desire to upgrade. [Dumb move, Yamaha.] Out of step with the Oberkrainer additions, no new accordions. Nothing new in the choir, either.

String-wise, Genos2 gets new “film” (cinematic) strings. The Kino strings had a lot of character and the new cinematic strings offer a different color with which to paint.

Jerry Bruckheimer would like the Genos2 — more brass, pop and orchestral. Genos2 is fat with brass.

Woodwinds got a few upgrades. Piccolo is finally promoted to SArt2. Pipes are the big news: Celtic flute, whistle, shakuhachi and dudak. Sadly, no SArt2 bagpipes. [It’s a long way to the top.]

I already mentioned the new nylon guitar and basses in the MegaVoice section above. You got the picture. Club punters will find new EDM basses galore.

I don’t usually spend too much time on percussion, leaving that for chimpanzees and bongos. However, there a few upgrades worth noting: vibes, timpani, tubular bells, handbells. There are so many bells, they ring louder than my tinitus. 🙂 Seriously, this stuff can be used in liturgical music without shame.

Pads are pads. Synths are synths.

Drum kits

Yamaha are featuring the Genos2 Ambient Drums and have the kits to prove it:

    RockKit               DirtyKit
    PopKit                IndustrialKit
    VintageOpenKit        TrapKit
    VintageMuteKit        ClubKit
    JazzStickKit          ChillKit
    JazzBrushExtended     PunchyEDMKit
    CinematicPercussion   TightEDMKit
    ProductionKit
    JazzBrushKit
    SymphonicPercussion

The ambient drums borrow mic’ing technique from sample library provides using two or more microphones to capture room ambience. The Genos2 user (or more likely, the style) decides the dry/ambient mix.

Summary

That’s my quick — possibly incomplete — comparison. I hope my analysis will help you with your decision to upgrade or buy. Genos2 builds on a very strong Genos1 foundation. New buyers should take the plunge if they have the dosh.

The new Montage M got the pianos, Kino strings and a few other new waveforms and voices. Genos2, however, got a lot of stuff that Montage didn’t get. Will Yamaha provide those waveforms and patches in a Montage M update? Who the heck knows. Always buy on the basis of what you see and get TODAY. Never bet on updates.

Genos 2 is here

Posted on November 15, 2023 by pj

Key features:

Steinberg’s REVelation reverb
Over 1900 voices
Over 800 styles
Style dynamics control
Ambient drums
FM synthesis
Three assignable buttons (above the 3 articulation buttons)
Updated playlist features and interface
Bluetooth audio
Support by Rec’N’Share app
HDMI port
Front panel buttons for Chord Looper
MIDI song to style converter (computer-based application)

Let’s get the bad news over first: $6,599 USD (MSRP), $5,700 (MAP).

Style dynamics control: Increase the energy and dynamics of each style section in real-time by turning a knob. Instrument parts may be added or subtracted by the player with a single gesture. This is similar to the Adaptive Style idea (DGX-670) except the player has explicit control over the busy-ness of the auto-accompaniment.

Ambient drums: Use a live control to adjust the microphone distance from the drums. This adjusts the dry and ambient sound in real-time. The drum sounds have recorded drum ambience.

FM synthesis: Genos2 has both AWM2 and FM synthesis. Yamaha finally unlocked the FM engine in the SWP70! Genos sound designers are still on a 1980’s kick begun in Genos (gen 1). Now we get all of the DX7 classic sounds with real FM. And, of course, layered with anything and everything else.

Styles: Over 200 styles are brand new employing the new voices and dynamic drums. More 80’s: Throwback Pop, 80’s Sunday Pop, 80’s Funky Soul, 80’s Love Song, 80’s Soft Rock, 80’s Dance Pop, 90’s Dream House, Broadway Production, Action Anthem. The 80’s Funky Soul style is cool — especially if the unnecessary orchestration is backed out. Oh, no, more Schlager, but Yamaha do know who butters their bread!

Yamaha have finally improved style creation with the MIDI song to style converter application. I’ll have to take a closer look at this! 🙂 This application lets the user select the measures which are mapped to MAIN, FILL IN, and so forth. It’s about time.

Pianos: The CFX has more dynamic (velocity) layers. A brand new 80’s played-in, “German” character piano. The U1 upright has been updated. Genos2 adds more ethnic instruments, to pursue global sales, no doubt.

New voices: These new voices include Shakuhachi, nylon guitar, pop brass, orchestral brass, steel drums. Martin Harris handled the live stream demos — all very nice and well-played! I’m sure the golden agers are all digging the 90’s “four on the floor.”

There is a new Yamaha web site dedicated to Genos2. What is the URL???

Don’t forget to accessorize. Genos2 is going to maintain backward compatibility to Genos (gen 1). Customers get a five year extended warranty after registration. There are two new Genos2-focused expansion packs: DX7 pack and Genos complete pack. The complete pack contains Genos (gen 1) styles and voices not included in Genos2.

Comments and outstanding questions

I must give credit to Yamaha for re-working the Genos2 Owner’s Manual. The illustrations and descriptions are much improved. Good work! More vendors should pay attention to written documentation. [I’m talking to you, Hammond Suzuki.]

The other bad news for organ-punters like me — Genos2 did not get the new rotary speaker simulator. Genos2 is the same as Genos (gen 1) as far as B-3 organ is concerned.

The screen is tilted, but not tilt-able. The display is touted as “brighter and anti-reflective.”

Yamaha upgraded the CFX piano, but did not give Genos2 Virtual Resonance Modeling. In other words, Yamaha have once again maintained their product line silos. No cannibalization from Clavinova is allowed! The Genos piano collection is good: CFX, character grand, cinematic grand, felt piano, C7, U3 upright, and U1 upright. Still, not as good as Montage M. I love that felt piano, BTW.

The triple pedal is not supported. The Genos2 accessories include the FC4A sustain pedal which does not support half-pedaling. So, I doubt if Genos2 itself supports half-pedaling. The mystery back panel connector is for a subwoofer.

The new FM and ambient voices are described thus:

FM Voices: Characterized by dynamic changes in sound that cannot be achieved with PCM sound sources, since this is using a FM tone generator that is synthetic sound sources.

Ambient Drums, Ambient SFX Voices: Provides realistic and lively drum sounds that are difficult to achieve with DSP effects. When these Voices are used in a selected Style, you can adjust the ratio of wet (reverberant sound) and dry (unprocessed sound) sound in real time by using the Live Control knob/slider to which “Ambience Depth” is assigned.

As to slider behavior:

An LED meter on the right side of each slider displays the current value of the parameter corresponding to the slider, in the current Slider Assign Type. When any slider is operated, LIVE CONTROL view automatically displays the current Slider Assign Type and current values. When the slider’s position and the current parameter value are different, the current parameter value will be held until the slider’s position matches (catches) the value. Once they have matched, the slider’s position will be reflected to the parameter. When additional Slider Assign Types for Organ Flutes Voice are selected, the “catch” behavior described above does not apply and the slider position is always directly reflected.

The Genos2 Data List downloaded as a ZIP file containing an XLS file. What the what? And what is the bloomin’ URL for the Genos2 Web site?

The Yamaha USA site has Genos2 product pages.

Key Genos2 specifications

Keyboard: 76 key, Organ (FSX), Initial Touch/Aftertouch
Main display: TFT Color Wide VGA LCD, 800 × 480 dots, 9 inch
Sub display: VA LCD (LIVE CONTROL View), 512 × 48 dots
Polyphony: 128 for Preset AWM Voices + 128 for Expansion AWM Voices + 128 for FM Voices
Voices: 1,991 Voices + 75 Drum/SFX Kits
Styles: 800 (720 Pro, 69 Session, 11 Free Play)
Expansion voice memory: Approx. 3 GB
Internal memory (USER Drive): Approx. 15 GB
HDMI display: 1280 × 720p max.
Dimensions (W × D × H): 1,234 mm × 456 mm × 151 mm (48-9/16″ × 17-15/16″ × 5-15/16″)
Weight 14.2 kg (31 lb, 5 oz)

Genos2 pre-game

Posted on November 13, 2023 by pj

Gotta say upfront, I don’t have a horse in the race when it comes to Yamaha Genos2 (to be announced Wednesday). Montage M8x, on the other hand, really seized my attention because it potentially could fit a real need — an 88-key piano for home. All of the Montage M extras (AN-X, big sub display, and so forth) would be gravy on the biscuits. In the end, I placed an order for a Clavinova CSP-170. [Still waiting for delivery.]

I’m quite happy with Genos (generation 1) and will be keeping it. The FSX action is pleasant and, oh, the sounds! It’s set up to my taste and needs — no good reason to change horses.

Still, I’m a technologist and I’m anxious to see how Genos2 features point to the future.

Pianos and more pianos

The Genos (gen 1) acoustic piano voices have always left players wanting, especially when compared to Montage (gen 1) and MODX. Genos has been trapped by its XG synthesis and effects architecture. Voices are limited to 8 elements making 18 element CFX an unlikely creation.

Yamaha engineers found a way to break down the 8 element limit in Montage M. A single part now may have up to 128 elements. If Yamaha incorporates the same breakthrough in Genos2 (G2), deep, detailed acoustic piano voices are possible.

The first G2 teaser video features piano slathered in reverb. I don’t think that’s an accident. Given that the lowly Yamaha DGX-670 has a great sounding CFX, it’s time for G2 to get game.

Piano Room and Smart Pianist

What are new piano voices without Yamaha Piano Room? Piano Room is the place to tweeze and tweak piano sounds to your liking. Open the piano lid, adjust brightness, etc.

Along with Piano Room, we might see Smart Pianist support for Genos2. The tablet-based Smart Pianist app provides the capabilities of Piano Room — and more. You can select voices, change settings and save everything in registrations. On the CSP series, the player can select and control auto-accompaniment styles, too. Smart Pianist brings sophisticated audio-to-chord and audio-to-score capabilities, too. Audio-to-score goes beyond the free Chord Tracker app, converting chords into honest to goodness musical notation. The musician can play from a standard chart without needing to know chord theory.

If Yamaha adds Genos2 to Smart Pianist, Genos2 will be the first (true) arranger keyboard with Smart Pianist support. This is a big deal. First released in January 2018, Smart Pianist is now a central, strategic piece in Yamaha’s digital piano ecosystem. Adding Genos2 will cement Smart Pianists role for years to come.

Whither VRM? Virtual Resonance Modeling enhances relatively static digital piano tones with body and string resonance. VRM has been slowly trickling down from high-end Clavinovas to the portable digital piano line. Will Genos2 get VRM Lite or enhanced VRM? Stay tuned.

What’s this?

Enlarged and enhanced G2 pictures show a new connector (?) centered on the rear panel. Along with new acoustic piano voices, will we see the new FC35 triple foot pedal? The FC35 connects through a large multi-pin DIN connector. Perhaps G2’s new connector is for the triple strike pedal. We shall soon see…

Vegas at night

Rotary encoders are another big ask. The second teaser video reveals what are quite likely rotary encoders in place of standard potentiometers. The encoders are surrounded by LEDs denoting the current knob value.

Later video and pictures show LEDs alongside the G2 sliders. It would be neat if the LEDs would show the initial slider value to be manually “caught.” That capability would certainly make it easier to play the drawbars in so-called Organ Flutes mode.

Speaking of drawbars, did G2 get the VCM rotary speaker DSP algorithm?

Tilt, but not tilt-able

The main and sub displays appear to be the same size as Genos (gen 1). The G2 front panel has a few new controls. Since Yamaha needed to remold the top chassis panel, they decided to increase the tilt of the main and sub displays. This change should improve readability, especially when seated at the instrument.

Space is the place

I give Ton on the PSR Tutorial Forum credit for making a great catch.

The first video is titled “REVelation” and the third video is titled “Real ambience.” Coincidentally, there are Cubase plug-in effects with similar names. The Cubase REVerence plug-in lets you import an impulse response from disk.

These spatial reverbs and enhancements are popular creative tools. They are also memory-hungry. Did Yamaha provide bigger DSP RAM on the G2 SWP70s? Could these effect algorithms be ported to Montage M? Remember, the “Real Distortion” guitar effects appeared in Tyros 5 before that were added to Motif XF in update 1.5. Could history repeat?

A new keybed?

Comparing the G2 chassis form against my Genos (gen 1), it looks like Yamaha have remolded the chassis bottom, too. It looks deeper, possibly to accommodate the downward tilt of the displays. Or maybe a new keybed, replacing FSX.

This close-up picture of the G2 keybed has been nagging me. The front face of the white keys appears taller than the FSX in front of me in the studio. The height-to-width ratio of the pictured key is about 0.52; the height-to-width ratio of an actual FSX key is 0.24. Did Yamaha develop a new keybed for Genos2?

Oh, so much is still unknown!

We can see the keys, the box, and the displays. It’s the stuff inside that we can’t see which is unknown and tantalizing. Until Wednesday! Unless some horrible, awful leak happens. 🙂

Patience is a virtue

Posted on August 27, 2023 by pj

But, wait! There’s more!

mx49 posted this list of new product names extracted from a Yamaha warranty registration site:

    147641 - MODX6+ //E 
    147642 - MODX7+ //E 
    147643 - MODX8+ //E 
    147752 - P-125AB 
    147753 - P-125AWH 
    147970 - CK88 
    147971 - CK61 
    149017 - P-143B 
    149018 - P-145B 
    149019 - P-225B 
    149020 - P-225WH 
    149496 - GENOS2 //Y2 
    149720 - MONTAGE M6 //E 
    149721 - MONTAGE M7 //E 
    149722 - MONTAGE M8X //E 
    149729 - P-525B //Y2 
    149730 - P-525WH //Y2

Oh heck, might as well throw in the new STAGEPAS 100 BTR and STAGEPAS 200 BTR:

    STAGEPAS100 //B 
    STAGEPAS100BTR 
    STAGEPAS200 //B 
    STAGEPAS200BTR

Thank you, mx49, and the rest of the folks at Yamaha Musicians Forum.

The Montage M series leaked yesterday. Now we know that GENOS2 is on-the-way sometime in the near-term future, too. 🙂

Regular readers know that I’m trying out 88-key digital piano keyboards and developed a fondness for the Yamaha P-515. The P-515 was release in 2018 and it will be replaced by the P-525, again, sometime in the near-term future.

Wow, the new Montage MX8 and P-525 — both are worth waiting for and both potentially fill an actual need. Patience is a virtue. Keep repeating that. 🙂

I’ll have more thoughts about all of this tomorrow. Today is a typical Sunday — gig, God and football. Take a breather and start the new week fresh!

MODX: Rotary speaker (part 5)

Posted on June 28, 2023 by pj

It should go without saying — the Leslie rotary speaker sound is critical to getting a good drawbar organ sound.

The Montage/MODX and Genos/PSR product lines have two rotary speaker effects in common:

     MODX effect name  Genos effect name 
     ----------------  ----------------- 
     Rotary Speaker 1  ROTARY SPEAKER 1 
     Rotary Speaker 2  REAL ROTARY

Yamaha’s naming scheme often makes it difficult to match up algorithms across product lines. Rest assured, however, the algorithms (and code) are the same. If you need to double check yourself, simply match up the effect parameters as listed in the Data List PDFs.

It’s like the engineers deliberately chose bad, meaningless variable names. Throw preset names on top of the algorithm (effect type) names and things get really confusing!

Rest assured, a lot of the information discussed in this post can be applied to Yamaha synthesizer and arranger products alike.

The real thing: mechanical

Ain’t nothin’ like the real thing, baby. A real Leslie speaker moves air and throws it around in a 3D space. A “2D” stereo simulation will never do. Further, rotary speaker simulators model a mic’ed up speaker putting strong energy surges into the left and right channels.

We all know that a Leslie speaker, like the 122, has a rotating horn and rotor. Yamaha sometimes refer to the rotor as a “woofer”, so keep that in mind when reading through effect parameters!

The horn and rotor each have a motor. The motors have two speeds when turning: slow and fast. A pulley and belt system transfers rotation from a motor to the horn or rotor. The horn motor has three different sized-pulleys: small, middle, and large. The belt is usually around the middle pulley, AKA the factory setting. If the belt is around the small pulley, the rotor turns slower. Put the belt around the large pulley and the rotor turns faster (relative to the factory setting, of course.)

The nominal, factory rotary speeds are:

    Slow / "Chorale" in Leslie terminology 
        Horn           50 RPM   0.83 Hz 
        Woofer/Rotor   40 RPM   0.67 Hz 
    Fast / "Tremolo" 
        Horn           400 RPM  6.67 Hz 
        Woofer/Rotor   340 RPM  5.67 Hz

You should keep these speeds in mind when tweaking parameters, if you want authenticity. Please note that the rotor turns more slowly than the horn.

I gave the nominal speeds in both rotations per minute (RPM) and cycles per second (Hertz). Some algorithms need RPM and other algorithms need Hertz. Here are conversion formulas:

    RPM = Hertz * 60 
    Hertz = RPM / 60

The pulley and belt system causes even more fun. The belt is flexible and slips around the pulley. Belt tension and wear determine slip. Tension (slip) has a greater effect on acceleration (change from slow to fast) than deacceleration (change from fast to slow). If you want authenticity, acceleration time should be shorter than deacceleration. In other words, the pick-up rate is higher than the slow-down rate.

The real thing: electronics

The Leslie 122 tweeter and woofer are driven by a three tube power amplifier through a cross-over network. The classic Leslie crossover frequency is 800 Hertz. The crossover filter is not super steep and there is definite frequency bleed beyond the crossover frequency.

The power amp consists of a 12AU7A tube driving dual 6550 power tubes. The 12AU7A belongs to a family of nine pin, twin triode tubes. The chief difference between family members is the gain factor. The 12AU7A has a gain factor of 20 while the more powerful 12AX7 — the most familiar member of the family — has a gain factor of 100.

The power amp has a gain knob. At about 70%, the power amp starts to distort. Oh, never, ever go past 70%. Ever. 🙂

The sims

With that background in mind, let’s take a look at the Yamaha MODX rotary speaker effect algorithms.

Historically, “Rotary Speaker 1” came first. The following table summarizes the Genos parameter values for the “Dual Rotary Speaker Bright” and “Dual Rotary Speaker Warm” presets:

     # Parameter             Bright    Warm 
    -- --------------------  --------  ---------------- 
     1 Woofer Speed Slow     40.2rpm   40.2rpm   0.67Hz 
     2 Horn Speed Slow       45.6rpm   45.6rpm   0.76Hz 
     3 Woofer Speed Fast     383.4rpm  363.6rpm  6.06Hz 
     4 Horn Speed Fast       403.8rpm  403.8rpm  6.73Hz 
     5 Slow-Fast Time Woofer 39        45 
     6 Slow-Fast Time Horn   7         7 
     7 Drive Low             35        31 
     8 Drive High            37        36 
     9 Low/High Balance      L<H4      L13>H 
    10 
    11 EQ Low Frequency      100Hz     100Hz 
    12 EQ Low Gain           +8dB      +8dB 
    13 EQ High Frequency     1.0kHz    1.0kHz 
    14 EQ High Gain          -3dB      -4dB 
    15 Mic L-R Angle         177deg    177deg 
    16 Speed Control         Slow      Slow

Feel free to borrow the Genos settings for MODX (and vice versa).

The horn and woofer speeds are ballpark with respect to the factory settings. If there is one major complaint with this algorithm, it’s the relatively weak drive effect. Increasing drive does not add distortion. On MODX, be prepared to couple “Rotary Speaker 1” with an amp simulator (e.g., STEREO SMALL or MULTI FX).

Obviously, there are a lot of parameters to tweak: microphone angle, equalization, rotor and horn balance (low/high balance). Imagine yourself as a studio engineer mic’ing up a real Leslie.

Just for grins, the following table summarizes rotary speaker parameters for four MODX presets:

     # Parameter             Basic     Horn Mic  Light     Heavy RTR 
    -- --------------------  --------  --------  --------  --------- 
     1 Rotor Speed Slow      0.88Hz    0.80Hz    0.88Hz    1.01Hz 
     2 Horn Speed Slow       1.30Hz    0.72Hz    1.30Hz    0.93Hz 
     3 Rotor Speed           6.06Hz    6.06Hz    6.06Hz    6.06Hz 
     4 Horn Speed Fast       7.07Hz    6.73Hz    7.07Hz    6.73Hz 
     5 Slow-Fast Time Rotor  40        40        40        64 
     6 Slow-Fast Time Horn   13        12        13        33 
     7 Drive Rotor           52        37        26        28 
     8 Drive Horn            31        29        21        22 
     9 Rotor/Horn Balance    RH 
    10 
    11 EQ Low Frequency     1.0KHz     1.0KHz    1.0KHz    1.0KHz 
    12 EQ Low Gain          0.0db      -1db      0.0db     0.0db 
    13 EQ High Frequency    2.0KHz     2.0KHz    1.0KHz    2.0KHz 
    14 EQ High Gain         0.0db      +1db      0.0db     1.0db 
    15 Mic L-R Angle        150deg     177deg    180deg    30deg 
    16 Speed Control        Slow       Slow      Slow      Slow

Enough starting points yet? Please don’t be afraid to tweak, listen and evaluate. It’s only bits and if you don’t like what you’re hearing, then throw the bits way away. Ever wonder why people spend so much time in the studio? That’s why!

The MODX “Rotary Speaker 2” algorithm is the newer algorithm. It first appeared in Montage and Genos, and it’s been trickling down to mid- and low-range Yamaha products. In Genos-land, it’s known as “REAL ROTARY”. This algorithm provides control over both acceleration and deacceleration times and drive level/tone.

Here are settings from Genos for three drawbar organ voices:

     # Parameter            Jazz      Gospel    Rock 
    -- -------------------  --------  --------  -------- 
     1 Speed Control        Slow      Fast      Fast 
     2 Drive                2.0       4.0       10.0 
     3 Tone                 8.2       10.0      10.0 
     4 Low/High Balance     L<H10     L<H9      L<H9 
     5 Output Level         100       100       100 
     6 Mic L-R Angle        180deg    120deg    120deg 
     7 Input Level          +6dB      +6dB      +6dB 
     8 Modulation Intensity 0         63        63 
     9 
    10 
    11 Slow-Fast Time Horn  1.19      1.13      1.13 
    12 Fast-Slow Time Horn  0.86      0.97      0.97 
    13 Woofer Speed Slow    43.5rpm   43.5rpm   43.5rpm 
    14 Horn Speed Slow      47.3rpm   47.3rpm   47.3rpm 
    15 Woofer Speed Fast    413.8rpm  403.7rpm  413.8rpm 
    16 Horn Speed Fast      474.4rpm  464.3rpm  464.3rpm 
    17 Slow-Fast Time Rotor    ?         ?         ? 
    18 Fast-Slow Time Rotor    ?         ?         ?

Unlike “Rotary Speaker 1”, REAL ROTARY brings overdrive. Turn up the drive to add distortion. Tone sweeps from darker to brighter.

No doubt, you noticed values missing in the last two rows. The Genos user interface supports only 16 effect parameters! [Genos engineers need to fix this limitation.] Your guess is as good as mine — maybe 1.22 and 1.86?

Other blog posts about Yamaha MODX drawbar organ sound design:

Sand, software and sound

Electronics and computing for the fun of it

Tag Archives: Yamaha Genos